Litigation via Alternate Avenues

Since direct Title VI disparate impact suits are barred, encourage creative litigation using other laws or doctrines.

Pursue near-term accountability by supporting carefully selected cases under other statutes (like Title IX or disability laws) and under state anti-discrimination frameworks where disparate impact claims are viable. Use litigation to build a factual record, win remedies, and show that disparate impact enforcement can work while the federal gap persists after Sandoval. Treat this as a complement—not a substitute—for the federal legislative and agency tracks.